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Description
Title查許念投井自殺身死
Short title許念投井自殺案
archiveID178
DateMonday 23 April 1945
Year1945
Author上海特別市第一警察局泰山分局; 中國紅十字會第一醫院 (First Hospital of the Red Cross Society of China); 上海地方檢察署
Role (author of)Police investigation; reporting of non-natural death; medical certification; witness interrogation; judicial inquest; medico-legal examination
Series Number/IDShanghai Municipal Archives
Box numberR44-2
File numberR44-2-5464
Number of pages14
Abstract

Dossier concerning Xu Nian (許念), a 49-year-old man from Guangdong, whose death in Shanghai in April 1945 was investigated as suicide by jumping into a well. Police documentation identifies Xu as male, aged 49, native of Guangdong, and unemployed at the time of his death. The file includes a medical certificate from the First Hospital of the Red Cross Society of China, police reporting on the non-natural death, witness statements, and subsequent judicial and medico-legal documentation.

The witness evidence provides unusually clear information about Xu's circumstances before his death. Testimony states that he had previously worked as a carpenter (木匠) but had recently become unemployed (近來失業) and was experiencing difficulties in making a living (生活困難). He left home on the afternoon of 22 April 1945 and did not return. On the following morning, word circulated that a man had been found after jumping into a well; a person close to Xu went to the scene and identified the deceased as Xu Nian.

The dossier subsequently passed to the prosecutorial authorities for formal examination of the corpse. The medico-legal forms again identify Xu as 49 years old and from Guangdong, and record physical findings associated with immersion. The final forensic conclusion states 委係溺水身死—that death resulted from drowning.

Comment

Predominantly handwritten Chinese documents on printed police and judicial forms, together with a bilingual Chinese-English hospital certificate. The archival heading explicitly classifies the incident as 投井自殺身死. This case is particularly useful because the police testimony documents the deceased's economic circumstances with greater specificity than in many files in the series. Xu Nian had formerly earned his living as a carpenter but was unemployed shortly before his death, and a witness explicitly described the household as facing 生活困難. Unemployment and economic hardship can therefore be retained as documented contributing circumstances, although they should not be treated as a conclusively established single cause of the suicide.

The chronology is also relatively clear: Xu left home on the afternoon of 22 April, was found dead following the well incident on the morning of 23 April, and the case then proceeded to judicial examination. The police classification establishes the manner of death as suicide by jumping into a well, while the formal forensic conclusion establishes the physiological cause of death more narrowly as drowning (溺水身死). The precise location of the well is difficult to decipher with sufficient confidence from the surviving handwriting and should therefore not be normalized in the catalogue without further verification.

Keywords (en)suicide; suicide by drowning; jumping into a well; drowning; well; unemployment; economic hardship; living difficulties; carpenter; men; death investigation; witness testimony; medical certification; inquest; corpse examination; forensic medicine; police
Keywords (fr)suicide; suicide par noyade; suicide dans un puits; noyade; puits; chômage; difficultés économiques; difficultés de subsistance; charpentier; hommes; enquête sur un décès; témoignage; certificat médical; enquête judiciaire; examen du cadavre; m
SubjectSuicide; drowning; jumping into a well; unemployment; economic hardship; death investigation; forensic examination
Place of eventShanghai 上海
Year of event1945
LanguageChinese
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