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Description
Title查柴爾先何李薩雅母女二人自殺
Short title柴爾先何、李薩雅母女自殺案
archiveID188
DateFriday 22 June 1945
Year1945
Author上海特別市警察局盧家灣分局外事司法股; 中國紅十字會第一醫院; 上海地方檢察署
Role (author of)Police investigation; reporting of non-natural deaths; scene investigation; witness interrogation; property inventory; medical certification; judicial inquest; medico-legal examination
Series Number/IDShanghai Municipal Archives
Box numberR44-2
File numberR44-2-5804
Number of pages41
Abstract

Dossier concerning the deaths of two Russian women, Raissa Zartsine (柴爾先何; stamped in the file as ZARTSINE RAISSA) and her mother Anna Lyssai (李薩雅; stamped LYSSAI ANNA), who were found dead in their residence at 156/23 Route A. Courbet, Shanghai, on 22 June 1945. Raissa Zartsine was 54 years old and is described in the English police documentation as a physician/doctor. Her elderly mother had no occupation. The English police report gives the mother's age as 85, while the later Chinese medico-legal form appears to record 80, creating a documentary discrepancy.

After the women had not been seen since the previous day, building personnel and another resident contacted the police. Officers entered the premises after finding the room locked from the inside. Anna Lyssai was found lying dead on a couch, while Raissa Zartsine was found hanging by a cord/string. The police observed that the room was arranged in orderly fashion, found no evidence of a struggle, and recovered the key inside the room. Both women were transported to the First Hospital of the Red Cross Society of China, 363 Avenue Haig, where they were recorded as brought in dead.

The investigation contains extensive English- and Chinese-language witness testimony concerning the women's circumstances before their deaths. Particularly significant is the statement of Elizabeth Tonoff, another resident of the premises. She testified that shortly before her death Zartsine had been corresponding with the Japanese-controlled management or owners of the property and had received a final communication stating that the flat would be regarded as vacant from 1 July 1945 and that no further correspondence would be answered. Tonoff recalled Zartsine discussing arrangements concerning herself and her mother in connection with this situation.

The dossier also includes detailed inventories of the women's belongings, arrangements concerning their property and estate, witness statements, hospital certificates, police reports, and formal medico-legal documentation. The subsequent forensic records confirm the identification of both women. The evidence clearly establishes hanging as the mechanism of Raissa Zartsine's death. Anna Lyssai was found without obvious external traumatic injury; the surviving documentation does not establish her precise physiological cause of death with the same clarity, although the archival heading and police investigation classify the incident as the joint suicide of mother and daughter.

Comment

Predominantly handwritten Chinese police and judicial documents supplemented by substantial English-language police reports, witness interrogations, hospital certificates, and property inventories. This is an unusually rich dossier for the study of suicide among Shanghai's foreign residents. The English reports provide a detailed reconstruction of the scene, the mother-daughter relationship, their housing arrangements, contacts with other foreign residents, and the handling of their property after death.

The threatened loss of the flat constitutes an important documented contextual circumstance. Zartsine had received what appears to have been a final response concerning the termination of occupancy shortly before the deaths and discussed making arrangements for herself and her mother. The evidence nevertheless does not justify treating the housing dispute or threatened eviction as the single conclusively established motive for the double suicide.

There are also minor inconsistencies in the documentation. The mother's age is given as approximately 85 in the English police report but 80 in the later Chinese examination form, and the Romanized spellings of the women's names vary between documents. For catalogue purposes, the stamped forms ZARTSINE RAISSA and LYSSAI ANNA provide useful reference forms alongside the contemporary Chinese transliterations. The precise mechanism of the mother's death should remain unspecified unless further evidence emerges; the daughter's death by hanging, by contrast, is explicitly documented.

Keywords (en)suicide; double suicide; mother and daughter; suicide by hanging; hanging; Russian women; Russian émigrés; foreigners in Shanghai; housing insecurity; threatened eviction; tenancy dispute; residential property; women; physician; witness testimony; prope
Keywords (fr)suicide; double suicide; mère et fille; suicide par pendaison; pendaison; femmes russes; émigrées russes; étrangers à Shanghai; insécurité résidentielle; menace d'expulsion; conflit locatif; logement; femmes; médecin; témoignage; inventaire des
SubjectSuicide; double suicide; mother-daughter relationship; hanging; Russian residents in Shanghai; housing dispute; death investigation; forensic examination
Place of eventShanghai 上海
Year of event1945
LanguageChinese
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